Classification & ECL

10 min · IFRS 9
01 · Concept

Financial assets are classified by business model and cash flow characteristics. Impairment uses an Expected Credit Loss (ECL) model — losses are recognised before they happen.

  • 01Categories: amortised cost, FVOCI, FVTPL.
  • 02SPPI test: cash flows are Solely Payments of Principal and Interest.
  • 03Three-stage ECL: 12-month → lifetime → credit-impaired.